![]() June 2006 NewsletterIron Smelting in Wollega, EthiopiaIllustrations![]() Extraction of ore from pit (all images by author). ![]() Mining pit. ![]() Ore washing at Hagamsa Faallee. ![]() Ore after initial washing. ![]() Microscopic view of Walagee iron ore with hematite, lemonite and quartz inclusions. ![]() Clay pounding and madabaii tuyere making. ![]() Implements made and used in extraction and smelting process. ![]() Makkalu -- preparation of bag bellows. ![]() Charcoal preparation in a pit. ![]() Bag bellows with horn and iron tuyeres. ![]() Preparing pit furnace for second round of smelting. ![]() Second smelting, with ore and charcoal added by the leeccaqtu. ![]() Resultant iron smelt. ![]() ©2006 African Diaspora Archaeology Network |